More than 600 pharmaceuticals and their metabolites have been found in the environment worldwide. They pose serious threats to human health, including antimicrobial resistance.

Greater energy efficiency and transitioning to clean energy sources can both significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect public health from the impacts of climate change. Health care facilities consume a big amount of fossil fuel energy, but can significantly cut their emissions and energy costs over time by using alternative forms of renewable energy, and biofuels that do not undermine public health.